| 要約: | Malaysia is one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of palm oil,
accounting for roughly one-third of global production. Palm oil mill effluent
(POME) and Palm oil fuel ash (POFA), two types of oil palm waste that are
produced in large quantities by palm oil milling activities, pose significant
environmental risks and are considered serious environmental polluters in
Malaysia. Alternatively, POME and POFA may provide prospects for diatom
growth and extraction of high-value products due to their high nutrient and
silica levels. The goal of this study was to develop marine benthic diatom
Halamphora sp. culture exploiting POME and POFA for the enrichment of
harpacticoid copepod Amphiascoides neglectus and black tiger shrimp
Penaeus monodon postlarvae culture. This study showed that Halamphora sp.
can be grown effectively with and without substrate, and PVC substrate is a
viable alternative. It was found that the ideal growth parameters for
Halamphora sp. include the photoperiod (light/dark) of 12:12 h to 18:06 h; light
intensities of 80 to 120 μmol m−2 s−1; salinities of 30 to 35 ppt; and pH of 8 to 9.
The results revealed that higher Halamphora sp. growth can be obtained when
cultured with 15% POME compared to the commercial medium, f/2 + Si
(control). The microalga could also reduce the ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate,
nitrite, and orthophosphate levels in the POME concentrations of 5% and 15%.
Meanwhile, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the growth
of Halamphora sp. added with 50%, 75%, and 100% of POFA as the silica
sources. In the feeding experiment, the addition of Halamphora sp. for
harpacticoid copepod enrichment led to higher nutritive values of the
zooplankton and maintains the culture water quality between the acceptable
ranges with zero water exchange. Furthermore, the addition of Halamphora
sp. and enriched harpacticoid copepod improved the survival and nutritional
content of the Penaeus monodon postlarvae compared to the control
treatment. The addition of both consortia also protected the postlarvae from
Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
This study could pave the way for future research on using oil palm waste to
culture beneficial microalgal biomass for aquaculture purposes.
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