| सारांश: | In China, numerous heritage sites, particularly those in central heritage zones, are designated pedestrian-only areas because of their narrow, historic lanes. This study examines the influence of urban environmental factors on walking behaviour to promote healthier walking habits and cultivate a sustainable heritage environment. A review of the relevant literature identified five environmental factors- function, safety, comfort, aesthetics, and pleasure- that may influence walking behaviour, the study's dependent variable. The research examines two mediating variables- attitude and satisfaction- to analyze their influence on the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study utilized a mixed-method approach incorporating questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Questionnaires assessed pedestrians' perceptions of their walking environment, behaviours, attitudes, and satisfaction levels. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA, utilizing SPSS software. Additionally, PLS-SEM software was utilized to examine the interrelationships among variables, revealing varying degrees of correlation between the five environmental factors and walking behaviour. Functional factors directly influence walking behaviour, mediating variables affecting functionality, comfort, and aesthetics. However, no direct or indirect correlations were identified between safety, pleasure, and walking behaviour. The study integrated questionnaire results with observational data to formulate semi-structured interview questions for experts in Chinese heritage cities. These interviews provided valuable insights into the sustainable development of pedestrian environments in heritage cities. Experts provided insights on the analysis and generalizability of findings from Gulangyu to other heritage cities. The conclusions of this study, supported by expert opinions, significantly enhance the relationship between urban environments and walking behaviours in heritage cities. The outcomes have practical implications for environmental improvements in Gulangyu and provide a foundation for future research on environmental sustainability in Chinese heritage cities.
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