In Vitro Propagation of Selected Malaysian Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Varieties through Conventional Tissue Culture Media and Low Cost Tissue Culture Media

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a perennial woody shrub belongs to Euphorbiaceae family. In Malaysia, cassava is an important industrial crop mainly for starch processing industries, thus a rapid propagation technique by using tissue culture method is needed to produce these highly deman...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Huzaimah, Binti Mahdi
Format: Thesis
Language:English
English
Published: Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) 2017
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
QK Botany
Online Access:http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/23853/
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Summary:Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a perennial woody shrub belongs to Euphorbiaceae family. In Malaysia, cassava is an important industrial crop mainly for starch processing industries, thus a rapid propagation technique by using tissue culture method is needed to produce these highly demand industrial crop. However, the high cost and low cavailability of the tissue culture chemicals becomes one of the constraints to apply the tissue culture technique for propagation of cassava. This study aims to establish the best surface sterilization protocol for nodal stem explants of local Malaysian cassava varieties which were Putih, Sawah and Baloi, to culture and compare the growth parameters between cassava varieties in conventional tissue culture media and low cost tissue culture media, and to calculate the cost efficiency on in vitro propagation between conventional tissue culture media and low cost tissue culture media. Results showed that the best surface sterilization protocol was achieved from the treatments of 70% ethanol for 1 minute followed by immersion in Clorox at 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% for 10, 15, and 20 minutes. For culturing into conventional tissue culture media, MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BAP + 0.01 mg/L NAA produced the highest number of shoot, leaf and node. For low cost tissue culture media, the low cost media supplemented with 14 g/L agar-agar strip + 20 g/L corn flour and 100 mL coconut water produced the highest shoot height, number of leaf and number of node. Based on the cost analysis, the total cost reduction of 82.17% was obtained between the conventional tissue culture media and low cost tissue culture media.

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