Promoting and enhancing trust in ummah sustainability through Cash Waqf fund modelling

• Main Author: Abd Razak, Siti Fara Fadila
• Format: Thesis
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2025
• Subjects: H Social Sciences; HD Industries. Land use. Labor
• Online Access: http://eprints.utem.edu.my/id/eprint/29454/

This thesis investigates the underlying factors limiting the effectiveness of Cash Waqf as a sustainable Islamic philanthropic mechanism in Malaysia, particularly focusing on donor trust, information transparency, and institutional accountability. While Cash Waqf holds great promise for addressing socio-economic disparities, its practical implementation is hindered by fragmented governance, inconsistent reporting practices, and limited donor engagement across State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs). Through a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative interviews with key stakeholders including Waqf authorities, donors (Waqif), and subject matter experts with quantitative analysis, this study aims to design and validate a comprehensive Cash Waqf Fund Model. The proposed model integrates the principles of trust, commitment, and transparency within an Islamic framework, drawing on Social Exchange Theory, Commitment-Trust Theory, and Islamic behavioral perspectives.The research identifies critical dimensions influencing Waqif commitment, including financial and non-financial information disclosure, communication quality, and institutional governance. It further introduces the Green Waqf Financing Evaluation System (GFWESs) as a practical solution to systematically verify giving behavior and address trust deficiencies. The model's validation confirms that structured reporting, Shariah-compliant investment mechanisms, and digital engagement significantly enhance donor confidence and sustained contributions. The study also reveals substantial disparities in Cash Waqf collection and utilization across Malaysian states due to regulatory inconsistencies and limited investment capabilities.By addressing these challenges, the research contributes theoretically to Islamic social finance literature and practically to the improvement of Waqf governance. It proposes a standardized and adaptable Cash Waqf management model that can be replicated across institutions to maximize asset utilization, support socio-economic development, and ensure Ummah sustainability. The findings advocate for policy reforms that mandate financial transparency, institutional capacity building, and donor-focused communication strategies. This thesis ultimately positions Cash Waqf as a transformative tool for inclusive development in line with the objectives of the 12th Malaysia Plan and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).