Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Sam, Mei Shie
Other Authors: Lee, Siew Ling, supervisor
Format: Doctoral thesis
Language:English
Published: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://utmik.utm.my/handle/123456789/60008
Abstract Abstract here
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author Sam, Mei Shie
author2 Lee, Siew Ling, supervisor
author_facet Lee, Siew Ling, supervisor
Sam, Mei Shie
author_sort Sam, Mei Shie
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spelling utm-123456789-600082025-08-21T09:06:38Z Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline Sam, Mei Shie Lee, Siew Ling, supervisor Science Also available in printed version N-containing organic pollutants are harmful to human health. Therefore, many researches have been performed to prepare good materials either to detect or remove them by adsorption and catalytic processes, but different materials are usually employed. This research focuses on the development of novel multifunctional metal-free mesoporous carbon nitride (m-CN) materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst for removal of carcinogenic N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) and toxic aniline. Comparison studies were carried out on bulk carbon nitride (b-CN) and mesoporous silica (MCM-41). As an adsorbent, m-CN showed higher adsorption ability than b-CN and MCM-41 due to the presence of mesoporosity and favorable adsorption sites, respectively. After 24 hours adsorption at room temperature, m-CN successfully adsorbed 218.35 mg L"1 of NPYR (C0 = 6000 mg L"1) and 6.60 mg L"1 of aniline (C0 = 100 mg L-1). Based on the Langmuir and Freundlich linear plots, NPYR and aniline were likely to adsorb on the heterogeneity sites of m-CN. The nature of the adsorptions of NPYR and aniline on the m-CN were confirmed to be physical and chemical interaction, respectively. As a fluorescence sensor, m-CN was able to give linear interaction between the relative emission intensity and concentration of pollutants. Both pollutants favored the terminal N-C groups, in which aniline gave higher quenching constant (Ksv = 5.88 ^mol-1) than the NPYR (Ksv = 0.38 ^mol-1), owing to the stronger interaction between m-CN and aniline as compared to NPYR. Results from recovery tests and FTIR analysis suggested that the interactions between m-CN with NPYR would only involve weak electrostatic interactions, while n - n stacking and hydrogen bonding were formed between m-CN and aniline. As a catalyst, m-CN showed higher catalytic activity for aniline removal (33 mg L-1) than the b-CN and MCM-41, but no activity for NPYR. These results might be due to the strong interactions between m-CN and aniline, which facilitated the removal of aniline. In contrast, weak interactions between m-CN and NPYR would prohibit effective degradation of NPYR. In order to increase the adsorption and catalytic performances of m-CN, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was loaded on the m-CN. The x rGO/m-CN composites (x = 5, 10, 15, 20 wt%) were prepared by photocatalytic UV reduction method. All the composites exhibited higher adsorption ability and catalytic performance than the m-CN. The excellent performance of rGO/m-CN composites might be due to presence of oxygen functional groups in the rGO that promoted the interaction with aniline. The synergic effect of rGO and m- CN further facilitated the catalytic removal of adsorbed aniline. The 20 wt% rGO/m- CN composite showed the highest adsorption ability (38 mg L-1) and catalytic performance (76 mg L-1). This study showed that m-CN materials were the multifunctional materials to adsorb, detect, and catalytically remove aniline atiff UTM 171 p. Thesis (Ph.D (Kimia)) - Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2014 2025-03-17T06:24:03Z 2025-03-17T06:24:03Z 2014 Doctoral thesis https://utmik.utm.my/handle/123456789/60008 valet-20170426-164525 vital:98368 ENG Closed Access UTM Complete Unpublished application/pdf Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
spellingShingle Science
Sam, Mei Shie
Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
thesis_level PhD
title Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
title_full Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
title_fullStr Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
title_full_unstemmed Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
title_short Multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent, sensor and catalyst to remove n-nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
title_sort multifunctional mesoporous carbon nitride materials as adsorbent sensor and catalyst to remove n nitrosopyrrolidine and aniline
topic Science
url https://utmik.utm.my/handle/123456789/60008
work_keys_str_mv AT sammeishie multifunctionalmesoporouscarbonnitridematerialsasadsorbentsensorandcatalysttoremovennitrosopyrrolidineandaniline