Esterification of free fatty acid in used cooking oil using sulphonated hypercrosslinked exchange resin as catalyst
Esterification reaction is a pretreatment method used to reduce the free fatty acids (FFA) content in acidified oil. Normally, the presence of high FFA content contributes to saponification reaction and thus, decreases the yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) produced. The usage of ion exchange r...
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| Format: | Thèse |
| Langue: | anglais |
| Publié: |
2017
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| Accès en ligne: | http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19678/19/Esterification%20of%20free%20fatty%20acid%20in%20used%20cooking%20oil%20using%20sulphonated%20hypercrosslinked%20exchange%20resin%20as%20catalyst.pdf |