Effects of perioperative music therapy on pain, anxiety and hemodynamics in patients undergoing upper limb surgery
Background: There are growing studies of music therapy recent years as a non-pharmacological method in perioperative management of anxiety and pain with promising result. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of perioperative religious-based music on pain, anxiety and hemodynamic parame...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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2018
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/48565/ |